{"id":166,"date":"2016-11-13T00:21:05","date_gmt":"2016-11-12T17:21:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/?p=166"},"modified":"2017-06-04T13:48:04","modified_gmt":"2017-06-04T06:48:04","slug":"nagios-untuk-monitoring-perangkat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/2016\/11\/13\/networking\/nagios-untuk-monitoring-perangkat\/","title":{"rendered":"Nagios untuk Monitoring Perangkat (Nagios Part 1 of 4)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Seseorang Sys-Admin atau Network Administrator perlu tools\u00a0untuk memonitoring apakah service pada sebuah server down atau up dan jaringan tertentu terputus dan sebagainya. Nagios salah satu perangkat lunak yang bisa dipergunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini dan di Nagios bisa memberikan Alert bila ada yang down lewat visual nya berbasis Web-GUI dan Alert melalui Email, SMS, Telegram maupun Whatsapp.<\/p>\n<p>Disini akan dibahas bagaimana cara menginstall dan config Nagios di CentOS 6.8 64bit&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Cara Install dan Basic Config&#8230;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Install CentOS 6.8 64bit seperti biasa.<\/li>\n<li>Update System dan Install packages yang diperlukan\n<pre># rpm -Uvh http:\/\/dl.fedoraproject.org\/pub\/epel\/6\/x86_64\/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm\r\n# rpm -Uvh http:\/\/rpms.famillecollet.com\/enterprise\/remi-release-6.rpm\r\n# yum update -y\r\n# yum -y install nagios nagios-plugins-all nagios-plugins-nrpe nrpe ndoutils php httpd gd gd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Jalankan service HTTPD dan NAGIOS juga jangan lupa aktifkan kedua service ini saat booting pertamakali server dihidupkan.\n<pre>#\u00a0service httpd start &amp;&amp; service nagios start &amp;&amp; service nrpe start &amp;&amp; chkconfig httpd on &amp;&amp; chkconfig nagios on &amp;&amp; chkconfig nrpe on<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Matikan service yang tidak diperlukan\n<pre>#\u00a0service rpcbind stop &amp;&amp; service postfix stop &amp;&amp; chkconfig rpcbind off &amp;&amp; chkconfig postfix off<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Aktifkan SWAP setidaknya 2GB\n<pre>#\u00a0dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swap bs=1024 count=2097152\r\n# mkswap \/swap &amp;&amp; chown root. \/swap &amp;&amp; chmod 0600 \/swap &amp;&amp; swapon \/swap\r\n# echo \/swap swap swap defaults 0 0 &gt;&gt; \/etc\/fstab\r\n# echo vm.swappiness = 0 &gt;&gt; \/etc\/sysctl.conf &amp;&amp; sysctl -p<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Membuat user dan password untuk masuk ke Web-GUI Nagios, disini dengan contoh user nagiosadmin. User boleh diganti dengan apa saja namun bila username di rubah harus rubah config di\u00a0\u00a0<em>\/etc\/nagios\/cgi.cfg<\/em>\n<pre>#\u00a0htpasswd -c \/etc\/nagios\/passwd nagiosadmin<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Edit file\u00a0<em>\/etc\/nagios\/nrpe.cfg<\/em> dan tambahkan IP server-nya\n<pre>allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1 192.168.3.237<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Edit file<em> \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/em> dan tambahkan baris sebagai berikut\n<pre>-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\r\n-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>sebelum baris&#8230;<\/p>\n<pre>-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited<\/pre>\n<p>kemudian copy <em>\/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/em> dan replace ke <em>\/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables.old<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Basic Configure&#8230; terlebih dahulu back-up semua file config default-nya&#8230;\n<pre># cp \/etc\/nagios\/nagios.cfg \/etc\/nagios\/nagios.cfg.old\r\n# cp \/etc\/nagios\/objects\/commands.cfg \/etc\/nagios\/objects\/commands.cfg.old\r\n# cp \/etc\/nagios\/objects\/templates.cfg \/etc\/nagios\/objects\/templates.cfg.old\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Edit\u00a0file config\u00a0<em>\/etc\/nagios\/nagios.cfg<\/em>\u00a0dan setelah baris <em>cfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/objects\/templates.cfg<\/em> tambahkan baris <em>cfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/objects\/services.cfg<\/em>&#8230;\n<pre>[...]\r\ncfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/objects\/templates.cfg\r\ncfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/objects\/services.cfg\r\n[...]<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Buat\u00a0file config\u00a0<em>\/etc\/nagios\/objects\/services.cfg<\/em>\u00a0sebagai default service ping yang akan di check oleh nagios apapun hardware-nya, dan isinya&#8230;\n<pre># Define a host for the local machine\r\ndefine service {\r\n           use                    local-service\r\n           host_name              *\r\n           is_volatile            0\r\n           check_period           24x7\r\n           normal_check_interval  1\r\n           retry_check_interval   1\r\n           notifications_enabled  1\r\n           notification_interval  1\r\n           notification_period    24x7\r\n           notification_options   w,u,c,r\r\n           service_description    PING\r\n           check_command          check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Terakhir sebagai langah final, restart semua service\n<pre># service nagios restart &amp;&amp; service nrpe restart &amp;&amp; service iptables restart<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Akses Web-GUI dengan cara <em>http:\/\/IP\/nagios<\/em> dan masukkan username beserta password-nya&#8230; kenudian pilih menu pada sisi kiri click <em>Tactical Overview<\/em> kondisi dimana <em>Monitoring Features<\/em> harus tanda centang dan hijau&#8230;<br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-194\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios-300x162.jpg?resize=525%2C283\" alt=\"nagios\" width=\"525\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios.jpg?resize=300%2C162&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios.jpg?resize=768%2C415&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios.jpg?resize=1024%2C553&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios.jpg?w=1366&amp;ssl=1 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><br \/>\nMenambahkan Host\u00a0dan Group yang di Monitoring&#8230;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Contoh:ada 4 perangkat, 2 unit server dan 2 unit router, dibagi 2 group yaitu <em>Servers<\/em> dan <em>Routers<\/em> yang dimana untuk routers akan di monitoring hanya down\/up yaitu service default (ping) sedangkan untuk server selain hanya down\/up perangkat melainkan di monitoring service port HTTP, SSH dan FTP.Untuk router, sebut saja Mikrotik di IP 192.168.3.254 dan Mikrotik-Tester di IP 192.168.3.100, sedangkan server pertama adalah server nagios sendiri di IP 192.168.3.237 dan server selanjutnya diberi nama mirror dengan IP\u00a0192.168.3.110.<\/li>\n<li>Sebelum membuat file config untuk <em>Host<\/em>, sebaiknya buat file config untuk <em>Host Groups<\/em>, sesuai rencana sebelumnya ada <em>Servers Host Groups<\/em> dan <em>Routers Host Groups<\/em>, setelah file config <em>Host Groups<\/em> maka pada file config host bisa ditambahkan baris <em>hostgroups<\/em> dan di susul nama group. Berikut isi file config di <em>\/etc\/nagios\/hostgroups.cfg<\/em>&#8230;.\n<pre>define hostgroup{\r\n        hostgroup_name  linux-servers\r\n        alias           Linux Servers\r\n        }\r\n\r\ndefine hostgroup{\r\n        hostgroup_name  router\r\n        alias           Router\r\n        }\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Buat config untuk group router dengan nama file <em>\/etc\/nagios\/routers.cfg<\/em>\u00a0dengan memakai templates <em>generic-router<\/em> dan isinya&#8230;\n<pre>#Host\r\n\r\ndefine host{\r\n           use                    generic-router\r\n           host_name              mikrotik\r\n           alias                  Mikrotik\r\n           address                192.168.3.254\r\n           check_command          check-host-alive\r\n           check_period           24x7\r\n           notification_interval  0\r\n           notification_period    24x7\r\n           notification_options   d,u,r\r\n           icon_image             router.png\r\n           statusmap_image        router.png\r\n           hostgroups             router\r\n}\r\n\r\ndefine host{\r\n           use generic-router\r\n           host_name              mikrotik-tester\r\n           alias                  Mikrotik-Tester\r\n           address                192.168.3.200\r\n           check_command          check-host-alive\r\n           check_period           24x7\r\n           notification_interval  0\r\n           notification_period    24x7\r\n           notification_options   d,u,r\r\n           icon_image             router.png\r\n           statusmap_image        router.png\r\n           hostgroups             router\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Buat config untuk group server\u00a0dengan nama file <em>\/etc\/nagios\/servers.cfg<\/em>\u00a0karena server-server tersebut maka dengan memakai templates <em>linux-server<\/em>.\u00a0Kemudian untuk service checking port HTTP, SSH maupun FTP maka bawahnya tambahan <em>command service<\/em> dengan <em>host_name<\/em> beranggotakan server yang akan di moniroting service-nya, dan isinya&#8230;\n<pre>#Host\r\ndefine host{\r\n           use                     linux-server\r\n           host_name               nagios\r\n           alias                   Nagios Server\r\n           address                 192.168.3.237\r\n           check_command           check-host-alive\r\n           check_perio             24x7\r\n           notification_interval   0\r\n           notification_period     24x7\r\n           notification_options    d,u,r\r\n           icon_image              linux40.png\r\n           statusmap_image         linux40.png\r\n           hostgroups              linux-servers\r\n        }\r\n\r\ndefine host{\r\n           use                     linux-server\r\n           host_name               mirror\r\n           alias                   Mirror Server\r\n           address                 192.168.3.110\r\n           check_command           check-host-alive\r\n           check_period            24x7\r\n           notification_interval   0\r\n           notification_period     24x7\r\n           notification_options    d,u,r\r\n           icon_image              linux40.png\r\n           statusmap_image         linux40.png\r\n           hostgroups              linux-servers\r\n        }\r\n\r\n#Service\r\ndefine service{\r\n        use                             local-service\r\n        host_name                       nagios,mirror\r\n        is_volatile                     0\r\n        check_period                    24x7\r\n        normal_check_interval           1\r\n        retry_check_interval            1\r\n        notification_interval           0\r\n        notification_period             24x7\r\n        notification_options            w,u,c,r\r\n        service_description             SSH\r\n        check_command                   check_ssh\r\n        }\r\n\r\ndefine service{\r\n        use                             local-service\r\n        host_name                       nagios,mirror\r\n        is_volatile                     0\r\n        check_period                    24x7\r\n        normal_check_interval           1\r\n        retry_check_interval            1\r\n        notification_interval           0\r\n        notification_period             24x7\r\n        notification_options            w,u,c,r\r\n        service_description             HTTP\r\n        check_command                   check_http\r\n        }\r\n\r\ndefine service{\r\n        use                             local-service\r\n        host_name                       nagios,mirror\r\n        is_volatile                     0\r\n        check_period                    24x7\r\n        normal_check_interval           1\r\n        retry_check_interval            1\r\n        notification_interval           0\r\n        notification_period             24x7\r\n        notification_options            w,u,c,r\r\n        service_description             FTP\r\n        check_command                   check_ftp\r\n        }\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Kemudian rubah config pada file <em>\/etc\/nagios\/nagios.cfg<\/em> dan tambahkan baris&#8230;\n<pre>cfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/hostgroups.cfg\r\ncfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/servers.cfg\r\ncfg_file=\/etc\/nagios\/routers.cfg<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Final-nya check keseluruhan file-file config dan pastikan tidak ada error\n<pre># nagios -v \/etc\/nagios\/nagios.cfg<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Terakhir restart service nagios\n<pre># service nagios restart<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Lihat pada web click menu kiri mulai Hosts, Services dan Host Groups&#8230;<br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-204\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios1-300x162.jpg?resize=525%2C284\" alt=\"nagios1\" width=\"525\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios1.jpg?resize=300%2C162&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios1.jpg?resize=768%2C414&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios1.jpg?resize=1024%2C553&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/notes.opikdesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/nagios1.jpg?w=1364&amp;ssl=1 1364w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seseorang Sys-Admin atau Network Administrator perlu tools\u00a0untuk memonitoring apakah service pada sebuah server down atau up dan jaringan tertentu terputus dan sebagainya. Nagios salah satu perangkat lunak yang bisa dipergunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini dan di Nagios bisa memberikan Alert bila ada yang down lewat visual nya berbasis Web-GUI dan Alert melalui Email, SMS, Telegram &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/2016\/11\/13\/networking\/nagios-untuk-monitoring-perangkat\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Nagios untuk Monitoring Perangkat (Nagios Part 1 of 4)&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,3,4],"tags":[35,36],"class_list":["post-166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-monitoring","category-networking","category-sys-admin","tag-centos","tag-nagios"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=166"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":223,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166\/revisions\/223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notes.opikdesign.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}